Johannes Hint (born Johannes Rudolph Hint; September 20, 1914 – died September 5, 1985) was an Estonian scientist and the only person to create and successfully run a limited company under the communist planned economy of the Soviet Union. With his company, Dessim Ltd, he earned millions for the Soviet Union. His most important scientific invention was the building material silikaltsiit (Laprex), which was developed through the execution of the disintegrator system. His inventions are still widely used in Germany, Austria, the United States, Japan and Russia. Over 200 scientific publications, 62 inventions and 28 patents are accredited to his name.

Early life and education

Johannes Rudolph Hint was born in Kuusnõmme, a small fishing village in the west of Saaremaa island, Estonia, on September 20, 1914. His father, Alexander Hint, was a sailor and a member of the government in the Estonian Republic. His father also belonged to the commission that decided the design for the official Estonian flag. His mother, Mare Hint, was a housewife. He had two brothers, Aadu and Konstantin, and a sister named Amanda. Aadu Hint (Adolf Edmund Hint), became an acknowledged writer in the Soviet Union. Konstantin studied science at Tallinn's Technology University. Amanda became an pedagogue.

In 1933, Johannes graduated from Saaremaa Gymnasium with a concentration in science. From 1933 to 1934, he undertook an undergraduate degree in mathematics at the prestigious Tartu Ülikool (Tartu University), and from 1935 to 1936, he continued his studies in the same technology department, majoring in building technology. In 1941, he graduated as a building engineer from Tallinn's Polytechnic Institute.

Personal life

Johannes Hint met his wife, Helju, at university, while, attending a student gathering in 1938. As, the night sky, was covered with stars, Johannes engaged Helju in a conversation about stars and astrology, a topic he was highly interested in. They were married in 1939 and had three children named Anne, Reino and Pille.

Career

From 1961–1966, Hint became the head of operations of The Soviet Union Institute of technological research and projects of Silikatsiit (Silicalcite/Laprex) and between 1974–1981, the head of the construction and technological limited company Desintegraator (Disintegrator), which he established. Desintegraator (Disintegrator) joined forces with Austrian company Simmering-Graz-Paucker in 1977 and together they established an international company "Dessim", which was the first and possibly, the only successfully run business collaboration between the Soviet Union and the Western World.

Scientific activity

Johannes Hint experimented with Rotary Impact Mill or Contra Rotating Mill – Disintegrator for decades. The Disintegrator processed the mixture by fine grinding and mechanical activation of material components with water, which further strengthened autoclave effects. Silicatsite (Laprex) factories were opened initially in Estonia but then all over the Soviet Union as well as in Japan and Italy. His company didnot only concentrate on building materials but also manufactured and distributed universal disintegrator-activator and UDA technology.

From 1978–1981, the Disintegrator began trial production of biotechnological products. Especially, popular were food preparations that contained bio-active substances, which although sometimes regarded as "quack remedies" were distributed, not only across the Soviet Union, but also to the western world. The medical qualities and effects of two of the preparations, AU-8 (for internal use) and L-1 (for external application), were identified, after, Johannes Hint had been rehabilitated and production had been stopped. At a later date, these preparations were widely acknowledged as food preservatives, as journalist Siim Kallas confirmed in his 1988 article published in "Rahva Hääl", since similar biological samples, heralded the nutrition therapy boom in the west, a few years later.

Political activity

Johannes Hint became a member of the Estonian Communist Party between 1941 and 1943. He was persuaded by his brother Aadu Hint, who later became a famous author in the Soviet Union. In 1943, he was arrested by the Nazis, who were occupying Estonia, as Hint was blacklisted as a communist. He was put to Nazi concentration camp in Estonia to await his execution. He managed to escape from the camp and flee to nearby Helsinki, Finland on a little fishing boat, crossing the Gulf of Finland in the middle of the night. His plan was to flee to nearby neutral Sweden, as Finland was allied with Nazi Germany, at the time. But, Hint failed, and was arrested in Helsinki, and placed in a war prisoners’ camp.

He was returned to his native Estonia after the end of Second World War. Estonia, then was occupied by the Soviet Union. By the end of the 1960s, Johannes had become deeply disappointed in the Soviet political system, and became what can be described as a "free mind", keeping a unique individualism and distance from the political and social ideologies of the communist regime. He was openly vocal to his friends and co-workers about his feelings against Soviet Rule. Johannes Hint, also had connections with members of the underground resistance, the Estonian Democratic Movement.

Death

On 13 November 1981, Johannes Hint was arrested by the government officials under fabricated charges of embezzlement and forgery against him. The court case was finalized in December, 1983. The result of the highly political court case indicted Johannes Hint as guilty in abuse of office, and sentenced to prison for 15 years. Hint's national prizes, rewards and honors including scientific degrees and title were annulled, and all his possessions were confiscated, as the result of the court ruling. Hint died at Patarei Prison Hospital on 5 September, 1985 and was buried in Metsakalmistu, Tallinn. The Supreme Court of Soviet Union rehabilitated Johannes Hint entirely on 25 April, 1989. Hint's titles of honors and scientific degrees were fully rehabilitated, and some of his confiscated possessions were returned posthumously.

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth, the Museum of Occupations in Tallinn opened a small exhibition of his belongings donated to the museum by his daughter.

Awards

• 1949 ENSV (Estonian Socialist Republic of Soviet Union) National Prize
• 1964 ENSV Distinguished Service Medal for Science
• 1962 The Lenin Science Award

Works

Over, 200 scientific publications, 62 inventions, and 28 patents are on his name.