Emilia Chopin (1812-1827) was a younger sister of Polish composer Fryderyk Chopin. As a child, she showed literary and artistic talent, but she died on 10 April 1827, aged 15. The cause of death was probably tuberculosis.

Together with her brother Fryderyk she authored a one-act rhymed comedy entitled Omyłka, czyli mniemany filut (The Error, or Presumed Joker) in 1824 for their father's nameday. Shortly before her death, Emilia helped her sister Ludwika in the translation and adaptation of a German novel by Christian Gotthilf Salzmann, published in Polish as Ludwik i Emilka in 1828.

Emilia's early death may have had some influence on Chopin's music.