Michel Butor (14 September 1926 – 24 August 2016) was a French writer.

Life and work

Michel Marie François Butor was born in Mons-en-Barœul, a suburb of Lille. He studied philosophy at the Sorbonne, graduating in 1947. He has taught in Egypt, Manchester, Salonika, the United States, and Geneva. He has won many literary awards for his work, including the Prix Apollo, the Prix Fénéon; and the Prix Renaudot.

Journalists and critics have associated his novels with the nouveau roman, but Butor himself has long resisted that association. The main point of similarity is a very general one, not much beyond that; like exponents of the nouveau roman, he can be described as an experimental writer. His best-known novel, La Modification, for instance, is written entirely in the second person. In his 1967 La critique et l'invention, he famously said that even the most literal quotation is already a kind of parody because of its "trans-contextualization."

For decades now, he has chosen to work in other forms, from essays to poetry to artist's books to unclassifiable works like Mobile. Literature, painting and travel are subjects particularly dear to Butor. Part of the fascination of his writing is the way it combines the rigorous symmetries that led Roland Barthes to praise him as an epitome of structuralism (exemplified, for instance, by the architectural scheme of Passage de Milan or the calendrical structure of L'emploi du temps) with a lyrical sensibility more akin to Baudelaire than to Robbe-Grillet.

In an interview in the Museum of Modern Art, New York, conducted in 2006, the poet John Ashbery describes how he wanted to sit next to Michel Butor at a dinner in New York.

Butor was a close friend and colleague of Elinor Miller, a French professor at Embry Riddle University. Butor and Miller worked collaboratively on translations and lectures. In 2002, Miller published a book on Butor entitled Prisms and Rainbows: Michel Butor's Collaborations with Jacques Monory, Jiri Kolar, and Pierre Alechinsky.

Awards

• 1956 Fénéon Prize
• 2006 Mallarmé prize

Works

His works include:

• Passage de Milan (1954)
• L'emploi du temps (1956) (translated into English as Passing Time) (awarded Fénéon Prize)
• La modification (1957) (translated into English as Second Thoughts)
• Degrés (1960)

• Histoire extraordinaire : essai sur un rêve de Baudelaire (1961)
• Les mots dans la peinture (1969)
• Improvisations sur Flaubert (1984)
• Improvisations sur Michel Butor : l'écriture en transformation (1993)
• L'utilité poétique (1995)
• Quant au livre : triptyque en l'honneur de Gauguin (2000)

• "Répertoires [I à V]" (1960–1982)
• "Essais sur le roman"

• Le génie de lieu (1958)
• Mobile : étude pour une représentation des États-Unis (1962) (translated into English as Mobile: Study for a Representation of the United States)
• Portrait de l'artiste en jeune singe (1967) [cf. Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man]
• Niagara (1969)
• Matière de rêves [I–V] (1975–1985)
• Retour du boomerang (1988)
• L'embarquement de la reine de Saba (1989)
• Transit A, Transit B (1992)