Antonina Makarova (nee Parfenova, Ginsburg by marriage, Russian: Антонина Макарова, born 1921, died 11 August 1978) was a Soviet war criminal and executioner who collaborated with the Nazis during World War II. From 1942 to 1943 she executed some 1,500 Soviet partisans and their family members by machine gun. Makarova was caught by the KGB in 1976 and executed two years later.

Antonina Makarova was born in a small village at Smolensk Governorate as Antonina Parfenova. On her first day at school Parfenova's name was written down as Makarova, by her father's name Makar, as the shy girl had forgot her last name. Makarova studied later at Moscow and when the war broke out she joined the Red Army as a volunteer nurse. Makarova took also courses of using a machine gun.

In autumn 1941 Makarova was left behind from her troops. Three months later on January 1942 she was recruited by the local authorities at the town of Lokot, which was the capital of Lokot Autonomy. Makarova was hired as a machine gun shooter. Her job was to execute Russian POWs and partisans including their families. Usually Makarova was ordered to execute a group of 27 people, which was the number of prisoners the local jailhouse could hold. In the evenings Makarova spent time with German officers along with local women who were working as prostitutes. In the summer of 1943 Germans found out that Makarova and the other women had sexually transmitted disease and they were sent to a hospital.

As the Red Army entered the Lokot region they found remains of about 1,500 people whom Antonina had executed. Soviet troops captured and killed many Nazi collaborators but Makarova who was at a remote hospital was not among them. In 1945 Makarova married a Russian war veteran Viktor Ginsburg. They settled to Lepiel town at Soviet Belarus and had two daughters. Antonina and her husband lived as respected citizens enjoying all privileges granted to war veterans.

KGB was keeping the case open for many years but could not reach the right Antonina Makarova. In 1976 a KGB official named Parfenov was registering some documents of his relatives for getting a visa. He found out that all people of his family had the last name Parfenov but one woman was named Antonina Makarova (Ginsburg after marriage). She was later recognized by several witnesses who had known Makarova during the war. KGB arrested Makarova and the court sentenced her to capital punishment. Antonina Makarova was executed by shooting on 11 August 1978.